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  1. Married but living separately without divorce: Can I leave my assets, PF and gratuity to my brother?

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Married but living separately without divorce: Can I leave my assets, PF and gratuity to my brother?

balwant jain

3 min read | Updated on August 11, 2026, 10:39 IST

SUMMARY

Married but living separately without divorce? Know whether you can leave your assets, PF and gratuity to your brother and exclude your husband.

tax query pf gratuity

Brother is not treated as a family member for payment of gratuity on death of the employee. | Image: Shutterstock.

Being married does not always mean a couple continues to live together. But when spouses have been living separately for years without a divorce, questions around inheritance, wills and financial assets can become complicated.

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One such question is whether a married woman can legally leave her assets to her brother and prevent her estranged husband from claiming them after her death.

Today's Q&A explains such details in response to a query by a reader.

Question: I am a Hindu married childless woman staying separate from my husband for many years but not legally divorced. I want to make a will in favour of my brother to inherit all my assets by excluding my husband from claiming the inheritance as my legal heir. 
Can I also bequeath my provident fund and gratuity fund to my brothers in case of my death before my retirement? As I understand, my husband can only claim these dues after my death since my brother is not covered under the definition of family for provident fund provisions. Can I do so without getting a divorce?
Answer: Yes. You can always will away all your assets to any person, including a stranger. Looking at your situation, I would advise you to prepare a will and get it registered immediately.

Please specifically mention that your husband is not entitled to any of your assets in the will to make it doubly sure, and preferably give the reason for bequeathing your assets to your brother.

As far as claiming the PF and gratuity dues after your death is concerned, your understanding is correct. As per Section 55 of the Social Security Code 2020, any nomination made in respect of gratuity in favour of a non-family member is invalid if the person is married.
Brother is not treated as a family member for payment of gratuity on death of the employee. In case the person is not married or divorced, she can nominate any person, including her brothers, to receive these dues. Similar provisions are there in the provident fund scheme in respect of provident fund dues which has not yet been fully repealed.

The Supreme Court in a case of company law matter has held that it will override the nomination, but the matter of whether the Will overrides nominations made under the labour laws is not fully settled yet. The nominee is not the absolute owner but holds the money for the legal heirs. However, the employer/EPFO is legally bound to pay the nominee, bypassing the Will.

So you must get a divorce to ensure that for your provident fund and gratuity dues you can legally nominate your brothers.

Have a personal finance, mutual fund, or income tax query? We will try to get them answered by experts. Write to sangeeta.ojha@rksv.in
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Disclaimer: The views and opinions expressed above are those of respective experts/commentators and do not reflect the views of Upstox. The above Q&A is only for informational purposes and should not be considered investment or tax advice from Upstox. Please consult a tax expert for your complex tax problems.

About The Author

balwant jain
Balwant Jain is a Mumbai-based tax and investment expert.

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